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Domain registration - general information

The Domain Name System began in 1984 when the first name server was installed at the University of Wisconsin. In 1985, the domains .com, .org, .net began to operate. The function of a name server is quite simple - to associate a domain name with the IP address of a computer (combination of digits, like a telephone number) that is connected to the Internet. After accessing a site in a browser, your computer first finds out the site’s IP address from the name server, and then makes a connection using the received IP address.

The engineers and scientists who created the Internet divided domains into two large groups - ccTLD (country code Top Level Domain) and generic domains (gTLD - generic Top Level Domain). All mapping tables between ccTLDs and gTLDs and their IP addresses are stored in the IANA database, which is managed by ICANN, a corporation registered in the State of California, USA.

Technically, access to this database is carried out using 13 supercomputers, which until recently answered the queries of all Internet users - which IP address corresponds to the requested domain. Today, numerous mirrors of these 13 supercomputers have been created, and the user accesses the nearest mirror, speeding up the response. In Armenia, mirror servers are installed in the Internet Society of Armenia (www.isoc.am) and the MTS-Armenia company.

When choosing a domain zone for registering your domain, you need to take into account that in the case of a gTLD, the regulation of your rights and obligations is carried out according to the rules developed by ICANN and the requirements that can be added by the company that acquired the rights to manage this domain from ICANN.

If you choose a ccTLD domain, then the regulation of your rights and obligations will be carried out in accordance with the policies of the organization that has received the rights to administer the domain. In Armenia, the policy is available at the link https://www.am/policy/en/Policy_EN.pdf.

It is important to keep in mind that the ccTLD does not belong to this country; the Internet developers took the two-letter code from the ISO directory; for Armenia it is .am. In different countries, the policy for registering and using domain names may differ radically; before registering, it is advisable to look at what features exist when registering a domain in a given domain zone.

In 2012, ICANN began the process of creating new gTLDs, the number of which has now reached 2000.

At the same time, the process of creating new domain zones began, both ccTLD and gTLD in national languages IDN (Internationalized Domain Name). Armenia, as a result of lengthy discussions, launched the domain zone .հայ․ in 2014 Note that the principles of regulation for IDN users do not differ from those for Latin-language domains.